ALLAMA IQBAL BIOGRAPHY

ALLAMA IQBAL BIOGRAPHY

Pen Name:'Iqbal'

Real Name: Mohammad Iqbal

Born :09 Nov 1877 | Sialkot, Pakistan

Died:21 Apr 1938 | Lahore, Pakistan


ḳhudī ko kar buland itnā ki har taqdīr se pahle

ḳhudā bande se ḳhud pūchhe batā terī razā kyā hai



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Mohammad Iqbal (1877-1938), a descendant of a Kashmiri Brahmin family that had embraced Islam within the seventeenth century, was born and settled in Sialkot. After a standard education in Arabic, Persian, and Urdu, he was exposed to a liberal education that defined the contours of his thought and his poetry during the whole period of his life. Beginning his educational career at the Scottish Mission School, he went on to accumulate his M. A. in Philosophy, before joining Trinity College, and later earning the degree of Bar-at-Law. He furthered his education by getting the degree of doctorate from Germany on the event of Metaphysics in Persia. He worked in several capacities at different points of time; he taught philosophy, practiced law, got involved in politics, and also attended the second Round Table Conference. Even while he favored the thought of the creation of Pakistan and is venerated there because the national poet, he wrote the famous patriotic song that celebrates the greatness of India. King George V decorated him with knighthood and he was called Sir Mohammad Iqbal thereafter.

Iqbal wrote both in Persian and Urdu, and is usually considered the poet-philosopher of the East who addressed the Ummah , believed within the philosophy of wahdatul wujood, and propounded the philosohy of khudi, or selfhood, which involved self-realisation and therefore the discovery of the hidden talent amorously and perseverance. Beyond that lay the stages of complete submission and forgetfulness which, he thought, was the last word stage of khudi. Iqbal dreamt of the ‘complete man’ and also entered into a metaphoric dialogue with the divine. His poetry emerged as an interesting site where message and art coalesced, as he re-configured major poetic devices like metaphor, myth, and symbol to re-visit history, philosophy and therefore the Islamic faith to develop his individual vision. He has left behind his collections of poems, Asraar-e Khudi, Rumooz-e Bekhudi, Baang-e Daraa, Baal-e Jibreel, Payaam-e Mashriq, Zaboor-e ‘Ajm, Javed Naama, Zarb-e Kaleem, and Armaghaan-e Hijaz, aside from his lectures collected in English because the Reconstruction of spiritual Thought in Islam, and other works on the Eastern worldview.